The Views Of The Gay Rights Movement - 1712 Words

In the modern era, people of the United States of America have increasingly become more tolerant and accepting of differences in race, gender, sexual orientation, and religion. However, the new liberal mindset of people regarding characteristics such as race and sexual orientation would not be possible without the relentless protesters and dedicated activists who fought hard to make their views heard through a movement that would greatly impact and shape the future of this country. The gay rights movement which started in the late 1960’s aimed at achieving human rights for homosexuals; the phenomenal empowering poems and widely acclaimed literary works of Audre Lorde significantly promoted gay rights and provided a unique point of view of the life of a homosexual. Furthermore, the gay rights movement â€Å"is the effort to eliminate prejudice and discrimination against homosexual women and men† (Stoddard). Organizations advocating for the rights of homosexuals thrived in Germany and England from 1860s through the 1920s. However, similar organizations did not start appearing in the United States until 1950. On June 28, 1969, police raided the Stonewall Inn, a popular gay bar, which then became the turning point of the gay rights movement in the United States. The raids were quite often at the Inn, and usually after the raids, members of the club would be arrested; however, the Inn would reopen after a few hours. During the June raid most of the patrons of Stonewall resistedShow MoreRelatedThe Gay Rights Movement, And The Black Lives Matter Movement Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesspotlight with social movements. Three key social movements including the Gay Rights Movement, the Occupy Wall Street movement, and the Black Lives Matter movem ent, has worked to confront and challenge forms of oppression and has created change as a result. The Gay Rights Movement has been able to face and tackle oppression regarding sexual orientation overtime. This movement has also initiated change to the way society views this type of oppression. The start of the Gay Rights Movement is most known toRead MoreGay Rights1419 Words   |  6 Pagessimply, they are in love. The gay rights movement is a continuing procession that fights for their rights. The gay rights movement actually begins on November 11, 1950 when gay rights activist Harry Hay founds America’s first national gay rights organization by the name of Mattachine Society, according to the â€Å"Timeline: Milestones in the American Gay Rights Movement†. Their leaders or people who advanced their purpose are Harvey Milk, Harry Hay, LGBT, or lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transsexual groupsRead MoreHomosexuality and Christianity Essay1342 Words   |  6 Pagesultimately view homosexuality, whether in religion, politics or modern popular culture, is all determi ned by traditional or changing points of view. This essay will discuss mainly liberal and conservative Christian interpretations of the Bible, including many verses that may support or condemn homosexuality. It will also discuss the political views and laws against same-sex marriage and the social activism in the homosexual community. This is all about view points and it has many conflicting views and argumentsRead MoreTrials and Tribulations of a Homosexual Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesThe history of the gay rights movement has been a hard fought battle within the United States. In fact the first gay rights movement dates back to 1924 with the creation of The Society for Human Rights in Chicago, Illinois. It wasn’t until the 1960’s that gay rights started to make progress. In the year 1969 The Stonewall Riots took place when gay, lesbian, and transgender patrons of a New York bar were raided by the police. This forever changed the movement from isolated inciden ts to a worldRead MoreThe Gay Rights Movement Essay1066 Words   |  5 PagesThe Gay Rights Movement The history of the gay rights movement goes as far back as the late 19th century. More accurately, the quest by gays to search out others like themselves and foster a feeling of identity has been around since then. It is an innovative movement that seeks to change existing norms and gain acceptance within our culture. By 1915, one gay person said that the gay world was a community, distinctly organized (Milestones 1991), but kept mostly out of view because of socialRead MoreThe 1950s and 1960s: A Time of Great Changes Shaping the America We Have Today1006 Words   |  5 Pagespopular), not many people think about the changes society and culture went through. The 1950’s and 60’s were a time of great change and freedom for many Americans. Everything from World War II, to the gay liberation movement, to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 helped to change society. Many of the views American’s had on topics such as war, gender roles and sexual preference were changed greatly after these events and have led to our culture being what it is today. The 1950’s and 1960’s were a timeRead MoreAnalysis Of Sara T. Smiths Speech1559 Words   |  7 PagesSara T. Smith. Sara T. Smith was an abolitionist during the slavery period. We could assume that she was from the north and that she wanted everyone to have equal rights because everyone is equal the color of their skin doesnt change that Sara T. Smith spoke because she wanted to talk about the anti-slavery movement, and also the rights of women to speak upon the subject. The speech was given on May 17th, 1838 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The occasion impacts the message because it gives her muchRead MoreLgbt Community s Endeavor For Equality998 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction From the early Homophile Movement to the modern day Human Rights Campaign, the LGBT community’s endeavor for equality was granted a long-time goal on June 26, 2015 when the Supreme Court ruled same-sex marriage a nationwide right. As LGBT movements have gained popularity in the fight for equal rights, LGBT culture has struggled to find a place in mainstream media. Within the community itself, there is an underrepresentation of LGBT individuals. In particular, transgender individualsRead MoreEssay on The Queering of The Media1116 Words   |  5 Pageshate that arises from ignorance . The idea of accurate representations in the media, thus, is vital for any minority group, impacting on how the group is perceived and accepted by society. In this essay I will follow how the shifting portrayals of Gay, Lesbian and Queer (GLQ) people are paralleled by changes in society, demonstrating clearly the significance of visibility to minority groups. I will, further, show that while visi bility has increased drastically from the beginning of the 20th centuryRead MoreSocial, Political, And Economic Institutions During The Civil Rights Movement1237 Words   |  5 Pagescivil rights movement. In America, the civil rights movement has become one of the most well-known social movements in the world today. African Americans strived for full civil rights and better equality, and refused to quit fighting until their wishes were granted. The blacks protested the white supremacy in every way possible, from strikes to legal challenges in the court systems. The civil rights movement affected the everyday life of these citizens who should have had all of the same rights as the

Hamlet and Macbeth by William Shakespeare - 810 Words

Shakespeare wrote dozens of plays, the most noteworthy of those being tragedies. Although many of his plays contain striking similarities, none share more than Hamlet, Macbeth, and Richard III. The length of each play can alter the feeling of being apart of the play for the reader. By far Hamlet has the greatest length of the three, followed by Richard III and then by Macbeth. Despite all three plays being enjoyable to read, the mere length difference of Hamlet or Macbeth or Richard III makes for a more enjoyable and relatable read. Hamlet as a whole is easier to relate to because we get to know and follow Hamlet much longer than Macbeth or Richard III.Not saying a reader can not relate to Macbeth or Richard III, only that it’s easier to bond with Hamlet because of the ample time given provided him. As an overall aspect, rulers and the state should be closely linked, however, there exists a fine line between Kingship and Tyranny. In the beginning of Richard III, the king, Edward IV falls ill and Richard intends to make himself King instead of remaining Duke of, Gloucester. Richard starts down a path to tyranny right at the start, while Macbeth starts out as a decent ruler, aside from the fact that he murders King Duncan. In an oddly satisfying discovery, Shakespeare’s plays all share frequently appearing aspects of the supernatural. Hamlet, confronted by the ghost of his murdered father, is asked to avenge his death. Macbeth, told by three strangeShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Hamlet1122 Words   |  5 Pagesworld of that being? No one can answer these questions beside the perpetrator. All we can do is assume why such a horrible wrong-doing has been committed. In Macbeth and Hamlet by William Shakespeare, both the main characters commit murders. On one hand, Hamlet commits murders to seek revenge and avenge his father’s murder. On the other hand, Macbeth commits murder to fulfill his prophecy to become kind and getting rid of his threats. Murder cannot be justified whether it is committed fro satisfactionRead MoreMental Insanity In Macbeth And Hamlet By William Shakespeare952 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare uses insanity to contrast characters in his tr agedies. Shakespeare often uses stress as a trigger to spiral his characters into this state of mind. Shakespeare’s tragedies Macbeth and Hamlet both contain characters that experience a great deal of stress and fall into mental unrest. This mental unrest or insanity is a device used by Shakespeare for contrasting imagery of characterization. The contrast of mental illness with mental wellness within these tragedies is shown in multipleRead MoreAnalysis Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet And Macbeth 1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe work of William Shakespeare is, to many, the purest representation of theatricality there is. He is the most instantly and internationally recognizable playwright, and so works like Hamlet and Macbeth have come to be seen as staples of the dramatic genre, expected to be studied and performed, with critical acclaim, on a massive scale. However, as with so many forms of art, Shakespeare s work was not necessarily appreciated as such in his own time, specifically by certain critics of the theatreRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet And Macbeth1015 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s Hamlet and Macbeth, the ghost imitates the feelings of the protagonists for the audience as well. Shakespeare’s tragedies include supernatural in order to catch interest of a reader which consists heroes with desires of the supernatural ending up in a tragedy. Through their use of ghost and the supernatural, we can see the similarities and differences of the plays that will help effectively for a wider understanding of the plays and its themes. Shakespeare starts Macbeth with a supernaturalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream, Macbeth, And Hamlet1157 Words   |  5 PagesBiography The great English writer, William Shakespeare, was born around April of 1564 in Stratford, England. He was the son of John and Mary Shakespeare and had two older sisters and three younger brothers. He later married Anne Hathaway in 1582 and had three children, two being twin girls. By 1597, Hamlet had begun to establish himself, and 15 out of the 37 plays he wrote were published. From then on, Shakespeare’s works continued to be published. Shakespeare is now said to be a famous English poetRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Literary Analysis1388 Words   |  6 Pagesto Queen Elizabeth (Bearman). One can understand William Shakespeare’s ideas for his plays by exploring his influences for Romeo and Juliet, MacBeth, and Hamlet. Shakespeare wrote many plays, one of his more famous one being Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare used many sources to create his famous play Romeo and Juliet, one source being a poem named titled Romeus and Juliet (Weller). Romeus and Juliet was published about two years before Shakespeare was born (Weller). In Brooke’s article it statesRead MoreTaking a Look at Shakespeares Imagery Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pageswritings. Three of his most famous major works are Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, and Hamlet. They are timeless and classics. It is even a question as to why they have lasted to this day. It is most likely because of Shakespeare’s popularity, imagery, and writing style. Shakespeare was wildly popular during the Elizabethan era. He, unlike like many authors during this time, was actually famous while he was alive. While Shakespeare was regarded as the foremost dramatist of his time, evidence indicatesRead MoreThe Plays of William Shakespeare681 Words   |  3 PagesShakespeare’s Plays William Shakespeare, a British playwright and poet, is born in 1564. The exact day is not known. Shakespeare is baptized on April 25, so they say his birthday is April 23, 1564 (Boyce, Shakespeare). As an infant, he survives the plague that kills tons of people living near him. He is the son of John and Mary Arden Shakespeare. â€Å"His father is a prosperous and prominent tradesman, bailiff, and alderman, who suffered a decline in fortune and prestige† (Burt, Shakespeare). His father ranRead More Comparing the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Hamlet and Macbeth 921 Words   |  4 PagesComparing the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Hamlet and Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   In the time of William Shakespeare there was a strong belief in the existence of the supernatural. Therefore, the supernatural is a recurring theme in many of Shakespeares plays. In two such plays, Hamlet and Macbeth, the supernatural is an integral part of the structure of the plot. It provides a catalyst for action, an insight into character, and an augmentation of the impact of many key scenes. TheRead More Shakespeares Macbeth and Hamlet as Tragic Heroes Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth and Hamlet as Tragic Heroes      Ã‚   William Shakespeare has written many literary works - from his sonnets to his plays, each has its own individual characteristics.   One popular characteristic that comes from his plays is the tragic hero.   The audience can always relate to the tragic hero and the many trials he faces.   Macbeth and Hamlet are just two of Shakespeares plays that involve the tragic hero.   Through their nobility, tragic flaws, and dignity Macbeth and Hamlet prove to be

Christmas spirit Essay Example For Students

Christmas spirit Essay Dickens makes look Christmas enjoyable by introducing us to other people in the play who makes Christmas enjoyable.  Fezzewing is one of the people who keep Christmas well, by having a Christmas spirit. Also Fezzewing closes his shop early so that labours wont have to work long on Christmas evening and also that people will have time to get ready for a party which was organised by Fezzewing, Yo ho, my boys! said Fezzewing. No more work tonight. Christmas eve, Dick. Fezzewing was joyful himself in the mood, and he was such a nice person when organising a party Clear away my lads, and lets have lots of room here! Fezzewing says this so he can make a lot of room for a Christmas party. Fezzewing party was inexpensive as it says The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune this quote means that money isnt everything and you do not need wealth to cheer people up and make a great party where everyone has so much fun. Mr Cratchit is the second person that I am going to introduce to us, who makes somehow Christmas enjoyable.  Mr Cratchit and Mrs Cratchit makes Christmas well by having a Christmas spirit and even when they dont have money, theyre still able to keep the family happy at Christmas time. Cratchits dressed out but poorly in a twice-turned gown, but brave in ribbons, which are cheap this quotation shows us that Christmas is not a celebration where it has to be expensive as Scrooge thinks, everyone can make Christmas enjoyable even on a budget. Young Cratchits danced about the table this quotation shows us that they actually where enjoying Christmas. Another quote which says It might be pleasant to them to remember upon Christmas day means that family will remember this Christmas day, because they had so much fun and the time spent on Christmas day will be stuck in their memory. Cratchits family seems to be very nice to each other, we can see this by looking at this line It was sufficient dinner for the whole family meaning that there was enough dinner for the whole family and it shows that they can cope with it. Scrooges nephew is the last person that I am going to write about how he makes look Christmas enjoyable. Fred is very cheerful and happy. Even he does not have money, unlike his uncle; Fred can manage and live without millions. Scrooges nephew believes that money does not give happiness. Fred does not make a big fuss when his uncle says that Christmas is a humbug, because he feels sorry for his uncle Scrooge, that he does not have Christmas spirit, and he thinks he is so happy but everyone can see that he is actually unhappy but he never will accept it. Freds conversation with Scrooges niece was about how Scrooge hated Christmas and what was his problem with it, as we see when Fred says I couldnt be angry with him if I tried. Who suffers by his ill whims! suffering by his ill whims in other words mean that Scrooge is ill from his own needs, he is ill from what he wants so if he does not want to celebrate Christmas, Scrooge must be distress mentally by some kind of illness. Fred also states He looses some pleasant moments indicating that Scrooge looses moments when all family and friends get together having such a nice Christmas while Scrooge enjoys himself in his mouldy office which seems to him be more pleasant than being with family instead. Scrooges nephew keep Christmas well by being happy and joyful on Christmas day, having Christmas spirit and being nice to others, also trying to make other people happy. Even without money he can manage it and himself he is very happy. .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .postImageUrl , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:hover , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:visited , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:active { border:0!important; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:active , .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860 .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3cc7944ee7ac43088032ab60a8e8b860:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Is, 'The Merchant of Venice' a racist play EssayCharles Dickens is interested in people keeping Christmas well, even if theyre poor, they dont need money to have a Christmas spirit. The reason why Dickens is interested in this, is because when he was a child, Charles experienced how it feels of being with no money. While Dickens father spent couple of months in prison, Dickens was only twelve and he had to work in a Bottle Factory which he hated. Charles thought that rich people should help the poor. In Christmas Carol Dickens makes readers feel sorry for the Cratchits family, who are poor. He does this by introducing us to Tiny Tim who is very sick and is in danger of dying, also by describing families dinner which is sufficient dinner for the whole family. Even though they are pour, the family can share the food between each other so there is going to be enough for every person in he family.  There were lots of poor people in London in Dickens times because of the Industrial Revolution which caused many people to move to London and work in very bad conditions in the factories. At this time, many of poor people were leading to death because of life conditions they had. The second spirit shows Scrooge that he should help the poor and be kind to them because if he does not try, some people that he knows, could die. When Scrooge enquires the spirit Tell me if Tiny Tim will live the ghosts response was I see a vacant seat meaning that the ghost can see empty seat where Tiny Tim always sits. Ghost suggests to Scrooge that if he does not do something and if something does not change, Tiny Tim will die.  In my opinion, what Scrooge could do is be kind and raise Mr Cratchits salary because at the moment Scrooge is being cheap and gives very little to poor man for hard work. Tiny Tims illness can be solved if the family would have money, and this is the Scrooges choice what he is going to do for this poor family. The Ghost of Christmas yet to come is the third spirit. This spirit shows Scrooge what will happen to him if he does not change. Ghost shows Scrooge different peoples reactions to the dead man which is being robbed and so uncared that he is like the food for rats. One womans reaction was when she said He frightened everyone away from him when he was alive, to profit us when he was dead! Ha, ha, ha! she meant that everyone was frightened of the man, but when he eventually died, people took his money from him, they took his shirt and bed curtains. This is the vision of Scrooge when he will die, hell be alone and unloved. Tiny Tim, who is actually poor, is better off than Scrooge, who is rich, when he is dead because Tiny Tim has people who love him, who care for him, and who will visit his grave when he dies. When Scrooge is going to die there wont be anyone who will visit his grave because he is going to be unloved and the people will treat him as he did treat them. Scrooge is going to be like dead man in ghosts vision, being robbed and alone.  The reader wants to be like Tiny Tim rather than like Scrooge when they are going to die because we want to die loved, and we want someone to visit our grave. The reader must be kind, forgiving, believe in Christmas spirit, unlike Scrooge, if they are to avoid this future, Charles Dickens frightens us of ending dead and unloved. .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .postImageUrl , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:hover , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:visited , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:active { border:0!important; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:active , .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11 .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7425e00f316f15d685613d9072f6cb11:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How helpful is it to call the 'Merchant of Venice' a comedy EssayScrooge seems to be happier at the end of the book rather than at the beginning. He is happier at the end of the book because he has decided to make amends in, we can see this by looking at this quote Time before him was his own, to make amends in! meaning that Scrooge is scared what can happen in the future to himself, Cratchits family, his nephew Fred. Scrooge decided to change because is he continue there will be bad things happening because of him. Scrooge keeps Christmas well by going to church, sending large turkey to Cratchits family, going to Freds house for dinner, and even when Bob Cratchit arrived to work late, Scrooge did not say anything about his lateness, one of the things that he said was Merry Christmas!. I think that the reader would want to be like Scrooge at the end of the book because he became a good man, who has started to believe in Christmas spirit, helped poor people and was kind to them. I think that the books message is that people should be charitable, kind, forgiving, nice to each other, so we wouldnt have ignorance in society.  Charles Dickens has convinced me in the way of the importance of keeping Christmas well. The reason is that by reading his book Ive understood more about the Christmas and how we should be at the Christmas time. Personally, this book gave me a story that sometimes makes me think what would happen if this will be happening in real life.

Financial Management International Currency Exposures Case Study

Question: You have been hired as a business consultant to analyze XYZ Company. While your client is very successful, he/she does not really understand financial numbers and desires your help. Your client wants to pay you to do the homework and due diligence on his behalf before he invests his money. Your job to answer the question Is XYZ Company the right company to invest in? Please be prepared to defend your recommendation, either way (whether you are recommending for or against investment in your clients chosen firm.)The Process:Since this is your first consulting job for this client, you want to do it right. After all, this could lead to additional analysis opportunities for you down the road. After benchmarking with other financial consultants, and viewing some of their work, you feel you need to provide the following information to your client:1. Brief history and description of the companys operations, background, primary product/service offerings, customers, business sector(s), etc.2. Brief bios of top executives and board of directors3. Financial analysis of XYZ Company based on data provided from the last five year financial reports (Annual Reports and 10Ks). (note: you must choose a publicly-traded corporation in order to be able to access this data)4. Report on the strengths and weaknesses of any financial trends of XYZ Corporation5. Market performance (stock price/returns over the last five years relative to the SP 500 index and major competitors.6. XYZ Companys competitors who are they, size, background, etc.7. XYZ Companys industry what are trends in this industry?8. Your assessment of companys prospects going forward and investment recommendation (buy, sell, or hold the stock)9. Based on your research, where do you think XYZ Company is going to be in three to five years? Provide the valuation on 3 to 5 years going forward. To help answer this question you need to know the company as well as the industry. Make sure you provide and support the assumption s used to project the companys future. Answer: Introduction The following report represents the highlights of a company, listed in United States examining the overall financial performance of the company for the purpose of investment. Company selected for presenting the report is The Coca Cola deals mainly in soft drinks and beverage products currently trading at a price of $43.49 in the New York Stock Exchange (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Companys background The Coca Cola Company founded in the year 1886 by John Stith in Georgia, United States, is one of the largest nonalcoholic beverage producing companies. The organization has seven major operating system based on geographical region including, Europe, North America and Asia Pacific. Majority of the companys revenue generates from North America region from the sale of finished products while other regions operates in production and sale of syrups and beverage concentrates (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). The principal value of business for the company is its consumers preference, to build true and strong relationship with the present and prospect customers. Companys consumers include supermarkets, discounters, movie theatres, multiplexes, restaurants, hotels, caf amongst others. Its primary products are non- alcoholic beverage that includes Coca Cola, Sprite, Diet Coke, Fanta and similar other soft drinks (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Top Executives and Board of Directors At present the companys Board Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer is Muhtar Kent having firm commitments to the morals and values to make the company sustainable and profitable in the competitive industries (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). James Quincey, president as well as Chief Operating Officer of the company since the year 2013, responsible for organizations operating segments worldwide. Under his leadership, one of most profitable operating segments of the company strategically expanded its portfolio across the world. Other Board of Directors of the company includes Herbert Allen, Ronald Allen, Marc Bolland, Ana Botin and Barry Diller (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Discussion Financial analysis The sales revenue of Coca Cola during the financial year was around US$44.29 million which increased from US$35.12 million in the year 2010. The company owns more than 500 brands in the nonalcoholic beverage products. Its approximate sales unit in the year 2015 was 2,055 million while in the year 2014 it was around 2,003 million (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Figure 1: Sales revenue graph (Source: Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016) The companys equity shareholding reflects average of US$25 Billion in the fiscal year 2015 to US$31 Billion in the year 2010. Apart from that that organizations current assets shows decent growth between the years 2015 and 2010 with the value of US$ 33.4 Billion, US$ 32.99 Billion, US$31.3 Billion, US$ 30.33 Billion, US$ 25.5 Billion and US$ 21.58 Billion respectively. Additionally, the organizations gross margin percentage was at an average of 60% since the fiscal year 2010 to the year 2015 whereas its operating margin percentage was between 20% - 22% in the last five years. Profitability ratios of the Coca cola Company reveal the perpetual growth and sustainability as a largest and renowned brand for soft drinks and refreshments (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Profitability ratios 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Tax Rate percentage 16.74 24.52 23.06 24.84 23.60 23.31 Net Margin percentage 33.63 18.42 18.78 18.32 15.43 16.60 Average Asset Turnover 0.58 0.61 0.57 0.53 0.51 0.49 Return on Assets percentage 19.42 11.21 10.86 9.74 7.80 8.07 Average Financial Leverage 2.35 2.53 2.63 2.71 3.04 3.53 Return on Capital (Equity) percentage 42.32 27.37 28.00 26.03 22.36 26.31 Return on Capital Investment percentage 26.69 14.87 14.27 12.58 9.86 10.63 Interest Coverage ratio 20.43 28.43 30.75 25.79 20.31 12.22 Table 1: Profitability ratios (Source: Created by author) Strength and weakness of financial trends The company is one of the largest producers and distributors of soft drinks and refreshments with the highest rank in consumers safety fetched a rating of A++ for having strong financial position in the economy. Companys core strengths are awareness of brand, powerful distribution network, strong customer relationship, premium quality products, strong operating systems and great leadership. With respect to the financial information, companys tremendous growth in sales at around 10% within last five years whereas its cash fund shows US$ 12.8 Billion in the year 2011 and US$ 7.31 Billion in the year 2015. The difference in cash fund reflects the dividend distribution to the investors as well as employment of funds in the business to expand and incorporate new projects (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). On the other hand, the companys notable weakness is its poor management in the water segment and fluctuations in foreign currency. As the company is in manufacturing of beverages and refreshment products, water is its essential ingredient as a raw material. Water is a significant element for the welfare of consumers as well because it is an inadequate resource in various regions of the world hence the company has to face some challenges for overusing it. Apart from that, company operates in many regions across the world around 200 countries and therefore, incurs its financial activities in different foreign currencies like euro, Japanese yen and Mexican peso. In the year 2014, the organization derived its revenue of around $26.2 Billion from the business operation outside the country United States. Hence, the rise and fall in currency exchange rates affect the foreign exposure with respect to foreign exchange loss (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Market performance Currently the stock of Coca Cola (KO) is trading at $43.48 with a negative change of 0.03 to 0.07 percent indexes in New York Stock Exchange. In the year 2015, increase in Earnings Per Share (EPS) was 13.5% while the payment of dividend increased by 11.1% compared to the year 2014 (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Figure 2: Market growth (Source: Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016) There was also increase in the Book value per share and free cash flow between the year 2010 and 2015. In the year 2010, the company had $7,317 Million free cash flow funds which increased to $8,209 Million in the year 2014 though it declined by small amount in the year 2015 to $7,975 Million. Moreover, there has been constant increase in the marketable securities of the company in the past five years amounted to US$ 4,269 Million in 2015, US$ 3,665 Million in 2014, US$ 3,147 Million in 2013, US$ 3,092 Million in 2012 and US$ 144 Million in 2011. Considering the companys current strategy on expansion of business operation, the management and Board of Directors have planned to invest US$ 3 Billion as a long term investment to support the new project for its sustainable growth (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Competitors of the company Coca Cola have several major competitors in the beverage industry like PepsiCo, Inc., Tree Top, Inc., Citrus World, Inc., Dole Food Company, Inc., Monster Beverage Corp., and similar other companies. Companys competition is in the sector of nonalcoholic beverages since it is one of the highest competitive sectors (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). One of the major competitors is PepsiCo, Inc., an American company that deals in manufacturing and distribution of food, snacks and beverage having its headquarters in United States. The company falls under the industry of Beverages and food processing and was formed in the year 1965 because of merger between Pepsi- Cola Company and Frito- Lay. The company generated sales revenue more than $ 1 billion and the products are distributed in more than 200 countries and is considered as the second largest company in the world. In the year 2015, its operating income reported at amount of US $ 8.353 Billion while net income was reported at US $ 5.452 Billion and total assets at US$ 69.667 Billion in the year 2015 (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Another major competitor of The Coca Cola Company is Monster Beverage Corp., which is manufactures and distributes energy drinks, fruit drinks, lemonade and other nonalcoholic beverage. It holds around 35% of the total energy drink market in United States having its net sales amounted to $645.4 million. Other competitor list of The Coca Cola Company includes Citrus World, Inc, which is a largest citrus drinks seller (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Companys industry and trends In the present scenario, Companies in beverage industries experiencing changes that will enhance the product quality, production process of the companies and consequently increase the sales revenue. Companies will take steps in investing their substantial funds in research and development process to increase the quality contents of the health drinks and other beverages. Companies like PepsiCo, Coca Cola are taking steps to produce the drinks with organic ingredients concerning about the health of the consumers with respect to pure, safe and healthy drinks containing less calories, sugar content or sodium element (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Another trend of the industry are concerning in the beverage industry is about reformulation of the products to serve health benefits to the consumers. Reformulation would take place only if it is required to do so in context to right amount of calories content, sugar content or any other ingredients that is harmful to the health of customers (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Most of the companies are setting the trends of serving drinks in smaller bottles, cans or even paper cans to save the wastage and providing convenience of carrying the bottles. These containers also reduce the cost of packaging and serve hygienic system to supply drinks to the consumers. Additionally, smaller bottles means less quantity of drinks and apparently less consumption of calories. Association of American Beverage in the year 2014 assured to cut the content of calories by 20% until the year 2025 (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Companys growth and investment recommendation Despite of several challenges and limitations the companys financial results reflected positive impact on the effective net pricing and net revenues ignoring foreign currency exposures. There was a rise in its operating revenue by 3% while in operating profits by 6% in the year 2014. Examining the past five years data, the company experienced some decline in its financial position in the year 2015 because of some operational changes and investment in the portfolio. However, that year was called transitional year and the company hope to obtain benefits in near future. Currently, Coca Cola Company has around 30% of market share in the universal beverage industry and is expected to include $90 Billion to the market cap by the year 2020. In the beginning of the year 2014 companys market cap was $150 Billion whereas the market cap in current market is $187.66 Billion and is expecting to grow the same by 6.9% in future years (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Considering all the financial information it is highly recommended to invest in Coca Cola (KO) securities and hold the same. Analyzing the future expected growth and past optimistic financial trends it is advised not to go short on the companys stocks and shares. Further, the company is also regular in dividend payment so it is beneficial for the investors to go long and hold the securities to earn maximum returns (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Companys position in next three years On examining the financial information of The Coca Cola Company, it can be said the company shows an immense growth and stability in the beverage industry since its incorporation. Growth in net profits, operating profits, significant increase in market cap shows an effective exposure in future years. Though the companys financial results in the year 2015 displayed decline in revenues with small percentage but if the foreign exchange fluctuations is ignored then there was increase in the year 2015 too. Therefore, the company is expected to grow significantly by 5%, 6% and 8% in the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Integrated valuation 2015 2016 (+5%) 2017 (+6%) 2018 (+8%) $ Million Net sales 6,346.10 6,663.41 6,726.87 6,853.79 Cost of sales (4,018.70) (4,219.64) (4,259.82) (4,340.20) Gross profit 2,327.40 2,443.77 2,467.04 2,513.59 Operating expenses (1,855.20) (1,947.96) (1,966.51) (2,003.62) Restructuring costs (54.00) (56.70) (57.24) (58.32) Operating profit 418.20 439.11 443.29 451.66 Table 2: Three years valuation (Source: Created by author) It has been assumed that the growth of the companys performance in recent years will be 5% to 8% (approximately) and is expected to earn operating profits amounted to $451.66 Million. Hence, it is recommended to invest in the companys securities to earn maximum returns other than the dividend incomes (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Recommendation With the view of companys growing trends and impact on its performance with respect to finance, product quality, customer relationship and investors benefits. The market cap of the company in 2014 was $150 Billion and in the year 2015 it was around $187 Billion with an increase of $37 Billion. Apart from that share price of the company in last five years was at an average of $ 31.00 and $45.00 which reflects a steady growth in its price. Therefore, the client is recommended to invest and buy the securities and hold for certain period until 2020 which expects to provide decent returns and incomes. However, the amount of investment is totally on the budget and available funds of the client but it is advised to invest 40% to 50% of the funds in the securities KO. This is because there should always be diversification in investment portfolio to minimize risk and maximize returns and incomes (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Conclusion The report represented on the analysis and evaluation of the selected company Coca Cola which United States based largest beverage producer and distributor. The purpose of the report was to examine the different aspects of the financial information and to examine whether it is the appropriate and profitable company to invest funds. It is noted that the company has a strong financial position in the year 2015 as well as in past years with respect to revenues, profits, asset valuation, dividend payment and earnings per share. The growth percentage reflected 3 to 6 % in net revenues and operating profits of the company. Hence, the client is advised to invest the funds in the companys shares and hold for three to five years as the financial trend shows growth in the companys value which eventually provide good returns to its investors. The company is expected to have a significant growth in its turnover and profits by the year 2020, so it is a good opportunity to make investment in its s ecurities (Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products., 2016). Bibliography List Bntrix, A. S., Lane, P. R., Shambaugh, J. C. (2015). International currency exposures, valuation effects and the global financial crisis.Journal of International Economics,96, S98-S109. Calomiris, C. W., Khan, U. (2015). An assessment of tarp assistance to financial institutions.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(2), 53-80. Christersson, M., Vimpari, J., Junnila, S. (2015). Assessment of financial potential of real estate energy efficiency investmentsa discounted cash flow approach.Sustainable Cities and Society,18, 66-73. Coca-Cola Global: Soft Drinks Beverage Products. (2016). Coca-cola.com. Retrieved 4 August 2016, from https://www.coca-cola.com/ Cucchiella, F., DAdamo, I., Gastaldi, M. (2015). Financial analysis for investment and policy decisions in the renewable energy sector.Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,17(4), 887-904. Dagiliene, L. (2015). THE INVESTIGATION OF FINANCIAL REPORTSCOMPLEXITY IN LARGE COMPANIES.Economics and Management, (14), 28-32. Dewachter, H., Iania, L., Lyrio, M., de Sola Perea, M. (2015). A macro-financial analysis of the euro area sovereign bond market.Journal of Banking Finance,50, 308-325. DiGabriele, J. A. (2016). The expectation differences among stakeholders in the financial valuation fitness of auditors.Journal of Applied Accounting Research,17(1), 43-60. Eckerd, A. (2015). Two approaches to nonprofit financial ratios and the implications for managerial incentives.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,44(3), 437-456. Masud, A. A., Wirba, A. V., Muhammad-Sukki, F., Masud, I. A., Munir, A. B., Yunus, N. M. (2015). An assessment of renewable energy readiness in Africa: Case study of Nigeria and Cameroon.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,51, 775-784. Sharma, A., Mehra, A. (2016). Financial analysis based sectoral portfolio optimization under second order stochastic dominance.Annals of Operations Research, 1-27. Wong, K., Joshi, M. (2015). The impact of lease capitalisation on financial statements and key ratios: Evidence from Australia.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,9(3), 27.

The Trajectory of the World War

7 cities with the shortest work commutes

7 cities with the shortest work commutes Lots of things factor into your decision making when you’re searching for a new job, and everyone has their own unique list of criteria to consider. You’ll look at everything from job title and responsibilities to salary, perks, location, opportunities for growth, and more when you’re deciding if a job opening is potentially a good one for you. After all, a new job is a major life commitment! One element most people think about when deciding whether or not a potential job opportunity is right for them is the length of the commute. After all, you already devote a significant amount of your waking hours to work, so how much extra time you spend getting to and from your job matters.According to a recent TIME article, the average commute is just around 25 minutes each way, and it has a surprising number of effects on your health- difficult commutes negatively affect your mood, happiness, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels. They also lead to spikes in anxiety and dep ression, and can even lower your immunity and make you more susceptible to illness.While a  commute-free job opportunity is ideal (the rise of telecommuting is actually making this possible for many people), if you do have to leave the house to go to work, most of us, if given the choice, would opt for as short of a commute as possible.The truth is, not all cities and commutes are created equal. Some cities are much more manageable and efficient in terms of average commute time, while others will leave you navigating an endless time-draining maze each day. Let’s take a look at seven of the cities with the shortest work commutes, based on data compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau and individual reporting of average number of minutes spent traveling from home to work each day.Cheyenne, Wyoming- this city ranked #1 on the list of shortest work commutes, with the average worker spending approximately 13.7 minutes to get to work each day.Columbia, South Carolina- following right b ehind is this #2 ranked short-commute city, where the average person spends about 15.1 minutes to get to work each day.Fargo, North Dakota- folks who work in this #3 ranked city have pretty manageable work commutes, which average at just around 15.5 minutes.Lubbock, Texas- if you’re looking for a short commute you can’t do very much better than Lubbock; the average work commute is right about 15.9 minutes each way.Charleston, West Virginia- in addition to being the state capital, Charleston is also home to pretty tolerable commute times, which average just around 16.3 minutes each way.Sioux Falls, South Dakota- save time for the rest of the things going on in your life by working in this short-commute city, where the average worker spends around 16.7 minutes to get to work every day.Billings, Montana- last but not least on our list of top cities with the shortest average commute is Billings, where the average person uses just 17.5 minutes of each day to get to work.The re you have it- seven cities that are known for having typically short commute times. If a short commute is important to you- and with all of the evidence regarding how it affects your mental and physical well being it probably should be- consider pursuing job opportunities in these locations.

Animal Rights versus Animal Welfare Research Paper

Animal Rights versus Animal Welfare - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that animals are part of the environment and should be protected from the changes that human activities have caused on the environment. Animal protection can be done through animal rights and animal welfare. Animal rights refer to the concept of considering the interest of animals at the same level of concern as considering human interests. Animal welfare ensures that the physical and psychological health of the animals is observed. The terms used in animal protection show human concern over nature. Animals should be protected from suffering and unethical treatment. Animal rights reject the use of animals while animal welfare groups allow animal use but humane treatment should be accorded to  them. When human and animal rights conflict, animal rights activist prioritize the rights of animals, while animal welfare activists prioritize human life. Animal welfare promotes controlled use of animals for agricultural purposes such as farming an d protein production while animal rights activists avoid the use of animal products. The similarity between both groups is that the wellbeing of animals is promoted. Cases of abuse, negligence,  and abandonment of animals are prevented through this group. Endangered animals are also protected by both groups. Both groups of activists ensure that the relationship between animals and humans is mutually beneficial. Man obtains food from the animals in return the animals are protected from disease and danger.  

Determining Causes and Effects Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Determining Causes and Effects - Research Paper Example In July 2009, unemployment figures stood at sixteen percent of white youth, twenty-one percent of Hispanic youths, and thirty-one percent of black youths (Janoski, Luke, & Oliver, 2014). Other estimates that include people who are no longer seeking employment due to discouragement, and those who are underemployed measure at twenty-one percent of the aggregate national unemployment rate. Same as unemployment, underemployment has unequally distributed cases among the youth, women and black employees. Unemployment refers to a situation where people are ready and able to work, but there is no employment for them. There are different forms of unemployment. It can be Structural, Frictional, or Cyclical. The extent to which unemployment affects the nation is shown by the amount of attention given to the monthly Employment Report put out by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The subject that tops the list is unemployment. Statistics on unemployment do not only show the level of employment but also show how satisfied or dissatisfied the citizens are with the government and their leaders. Widespread and lingering unemployment has dire consequences not just for the nation’s economy but also for the unemployed. During the recession, the unemployment rate hit the ten percent mark. Layoffs were also on the rise. However, layoffs are not the primary causes of unemployment. The factor which drove the unemployment rates so high during the recession was the lack of creation of new jobs. In the 2001 recession, employers shed two and a half million jobs in six quarters more than in the 2009 recession (Janoski, Luke, & Oliver, 2014). The reason for this is the significant drop in the rate of jobs creation. The downfall of the housing bubble, the credit crunch, and unfavorable economic policies made the country less attractive to entrepreneurs. The poor business climate also discouraged business owners from expanding. As the level of job creation falls, while the

Kafka Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Kafka - Essay Example He had 2 brothers who died that affected him so much, but he was blessed with sisters. He was sent to a German school and was not Czech. He speaks much Czech when he was a child but had mastered the German language as he finished school. His mastery of the language is seen in his literary works (http://www.kafka-franz.com/kafka-Biography.htm). The work of Franz entitled "The Metamorphosis" is one of his remarkable works. Literary works like that of Kafka is an example of heavily influenced by the artist own life struggles and reflection. In the story, the main character was Gregor Samsa a traveling sales man who is already a burnt out of his job. He was torn between his responsibility with his parents about the job he is into and being free to do other things. He was transformed one morning to a bug and woke up late for work. He was suddenly thinking of what was happening to him lately was grieving for the hassles he gets from his work and the relationships he gets from people who only come and go and is always volatile and not intimate and permanent ( Kuper, 2003). The story written by the author is a mere of his own sad life. Franz was linked into many women for one night stands, sex, flirting. There was no such intimate relationship for him before he got married.

Examples Of Good Clinical Care Nursing Essay

Examples Of Good Clinical Care Nursing Essay The GMC states that being able to provide good clinical care is fundamental to becoming a doctor1. I must strive to learn and understand the concept of good clinical care so that it is put into practice throughout my future career in the medical profession. I have chosen three specific examples from this year which have helped me analysis, understand and reflect upon the importance of good clinical care in medical practice. Example 1: My first example occurred during a primary care consultation. I was asked by the GP to take the patients history, which I was really quite nervous about, as I had only done so once previously. I proceeded to take the history of the patient, asking the necessary questions. The patient complained of having episodes of shortness of breath. After taking what I thought to be a full history, the GP took over and asked a few vital questions. She asked the patient about his psycho-social history, which I had completed overlooked during the consultation. The patient actually explained that he was recently divorced and had a very stressful job has made him anxious and stressed over the past few months. The doctor explained to the patient that it was quite likely these respiratory problems were due to his stress and anxiety. The GP then asked if there were activities he enjoyed doing in his spare time, and if he had friends and family whom he could talk to. The GP advised him about local support groups available. However, the doctor did perform a chest examination and provided the patient with a peak-flow meter to take home as an investigation measure. Lessons learned: This example taught me the importance of taking a full history in a consultation. The GMC states that one must adequately assess the patients conditions, taking account of the history (including the symptoms, and psychological and social factors).1 I felt embarrassed and disappointed at myself for missing the psycho-social history. It proved to be a vital part of the diagnosis, because if it was simply overlook, the patient may have been wrongly diagnosed and managed. The doctor was quite sure that the problem was due to his anxiety, but still crucially performed a full chest examination, which helped to rule out other conditions, in accordance with the GMC guidance, a doctor should where necessary, examine the patient1. The combination of a full history and examinations/investigations, where necessary, is fundamental to provide good clinical care for your patients. It has been noted by research that understanding each patients biological, psychosocial and cultural background is the foundation of effective patient care.2 Aims: I recognise that various improvements are needed during my medical education. I will practice my consultation skills on a regularly, both on patients and on friends and family. I will especially try to make the most of consultation skill sessions led by the medical school throughout the course, and ask for constructive feedback for guidance in areas needing improvement. I am currently studying the Calgary-Cambridge guide3 on performing a medical interview to make sure I remember all the appropriate points needed to perform a successful consultation. My examination skills will also need to be practised vigorously. Part of building the doctor-patient relationship is performing the appropriate examination. I will set aside 2 hours a week for revision of examination techniques, not simply to pass my OSCEs, but so that as a Doctor I will feel confident and competent to examine and treat my future patients. Example 2: The next case which I feel represents an important example of good clinical care occurred on a home visit to a patient, who had been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis over 30 years previously. I was there to discuss her condition and ask all the relevant history which was needed to write a comprehensive logbook. The patient explained that she regularly visited various healthcare professionals in order to control her symptoms. She visited the GP surgery each week for intravenous methotrexate injections, had check-ups with the rheumatology consultant every 6 months to discuss treatment dosage and options, and a physiotherapist every month, to aid with mobility. The patient explained she plays an active role in deciding what treatment is best for her, and had recently (after a discussion with her consultant), decided against a new biologic treatment. She had been given a full explanation about the medication she is on and sticks to her treatment vigorously as she understands the implications of not doing so. The patient felt very happy with the service she received from the NHS. Lessons learned: This case has taught me about the importance of on-going management and treatment of conditions. There must always be good communication between the GP, hospital and other healthcare professionals in order to provide good clinical care for the patient. The GMC state that one must keep clear, accurate and legible records regarding patients, to prevent confusion or mistakes being made.1 Another important issue is to understand the roles of each healthcare professional, which was highlighted in this case. The GMC states that decisions should be arrived at through assessment and discussion with the patient.4 The patient had an active role in decision-making regarding her medication, which she felt very happy about. Hence, it appears vital to show respect to the patient, but also be willing to listen to the patient when deciding a treatment plan. This is in accordance with the GMC guidance stating one must respect the decisions and rights of patients.4 In order to gain full compliance from the patient, providing adequate education is paramount. The patient felt she had been educated suitably about both her condition and treatment, and so she complies fully with her treatment plan, hence communication skills are vital. Research conducted by doctors, which has been published in the BMJ, have concluded that when doctors use communication skills effectively, both they and their patients benefit.5 Providing education about a condition or treatment plan for instance, will require explanation on a level which the patient can understand and follow. Aims: Understanding the roles of other healthcare professionals is important for providing good clinical care, which I am to improve by working hard during IPL sessions during my time at university. I will choose IPL during my third year, even though it is optional, as I can see the relevance and significance of it for providing effective health care for the patient. I will also aim to shadow not only doctors, but other healthcare professionals too. The GMC state that a doctor or medical student must behave with courtesy4 and respect the decisions and rights of patients4, which I feel is something I have always achieved, yet understand that complacency should never be allowed to creep in. The GMC also states that keeping up-to-date records1 and completing work on time4 are important aspects of good clinical care, and so I aim to be thoroughly organised during this course, making sure PBL work is completed on time, and good notes are kept, filed in organised folders. This should prepare me for the organisation levels required as a doctor. Studying conditions very thoroughly, and speaking to as many patients as possible throughout my medical education, will gain me experience at delivering information to patients, hence better at providing education for my future patients. Example 3: My final example from this year occurred on my first day of primary care, and is the most memorable day of my medical education to date. The GP arranged for a patient to come in for a general check-up, simply to demonstrate some basic clinical skills. I remember a feeling of excitement and anticipation of the morning ahead. After the check-up, the patient was asked if he had been feeling fit and well recently, and he casually replied that he had been having pain urinating. The GP seemed quite concerned and asked for a complete history and a urine test, which showed up blood and infection signs. Due to his age and symptoms, the GP decided that these concerning factors needed to be investigated further by the Urologist, who she referred him onto. The patient wanted to know the possible implications, and the GP decided that the patient ought to know that there was a small chance that the possible diagnosis could be prostate cancer. She delivered the news in a very sensitive and empathetic fashion. I remember the patients face went white and he was utterly alarmed by the news. I also felt shocked, and a great deal of empathy towards him. The patient was however grateful that the doctor had decided to refer him on immediately. When the doctor left the room for a moment, the patient asked me about the implications of prostate cancer. I apologised and told the patient I was a first year medical student and therefore not informed enough to talk about any such implications. Lessons learned: The GMC state that one must recognise and work within the limits of your competence and refer a patient to another practitioner, when this is in the patients best interest1. The GP recognised the possible implications of the problem and made a decision that it needed further investigation from a specialist in the area. The GP recognised her limitations in this area of medicine, and correctly referred the patient. I should remember and employ as a basic principle working within my limits of competence throughout my future career. Maintaining the doctor-patient relationship, which is based on mutual trust and respect, the GP decided to inform the patient that there was a possibility of prostate cancer. I feel it is very important to keep the honesty as otherwise the relationship will break down, and good clinical care will therefore suffer as a result. When asked about the implications of prostate cancer, it was important for me to accurately represent my position or ability4. Any advice or views given by myself could have been wrong, and therefore caused further harm and distress to patient. Also, misrepresentation of myself is a fitness-to-practice issue and I do not wish to represent myself in this way. I could have handled the situation better on reflection, and been more empathetic, but my nerves and the shock situation hindered me. Hopefully over time, I will develop the professional skills to be more confident in such situations. Aims: My goal during my medical education is to realise my limits. Setting time each day for work and recreation will give me a balanced life, and help me progress at a steady and attainable pace. It is imperative for me to ask more questions (to the appropriate people) and ask for help with pieces of work when I do not fully understand something. I acknowledge I currently do not do this enough, as I sometimes feel embarrassed to ask for help, but during my time as a clinician in the future, getting a second opinion, or just a piece of advice from a colleague will be essential for the provision of good clinical care. I am currently trying my best to get more actively involved in my PBL feedback sessions and ask questions on areas which I lack understanding in. I am finding this very beneficial for my education, and helpful in combating embarrassment I may feel when asking for help. Another aim is to always remember to introduce myself correctly to patients during consultation, so they unde rstand I am a medical student, therefore causing no confusion of my position or ability. Conclusion: Provision of good clinical care is essential as a Doctor. My scenarios have taught me the value being aware of the GMC guidelines, and reflecting upon my performance constantly throughout both my medical education and career, ensuring good clinical care is provided as a fundamental principle of clinical practice. My experiences this year have not only improved my clinical skills, but on reflection, have made me question my approach to different tasks, which with the goals I have set, I hope to improve.

Family and Masculinity in Jane Eyre :: Families Literature Papers

Family and Masculinity in Jane Eyre Jane does not experience a typical family life throughout the novel. Her various living arrangements led her through different households, yet none were a representation of the norm of family life in the nineteenth century. Through research of families in the nineteenth century, it is clear that Jane’s life does not follow with the stereotypical family made up of a patriarchal father and nurturing mother, both whose primary focus was in raising their children. Jane’s life was void of this true family experience so common during the nineteenth century. Yet, Jane is surrounded by men, who in giving an accurate portrayal of fathers and masculinity in the nineteenth century, fulfill on one hand the father role that had never been present in her life, and on the other hand the husband portrait that Jane seeks out throughout the novel. The reader first learns of Jane when she is an inhabitant of Gateshead. At Gateshead, Jane was excluded from the rest of the family. She was merely an outsider looking in on a nuclear family, excluding the father, who had died. We know that Jane’s Uncle Reed, the father and dominant figure of Gateshead, when alive, was a kind man. He was the guardian for Jane and when dying made his wife promise to always care for Jane. After his death, his wife resented the little girl and did not want to care for her. Knowing what we know of family life in the nineteenth century, we know that Jane’s life would have been much different if her uncle Reed had not died. Being the master of the home one can assume that he would have made sure that everyone in the household would have treated Jane well and with love and respect. A father’s authority was unquestioned. Once Mr. Reed had died, the masculine dominance was somewhat given to his son who did not care for Jane and made her l ife miserable by all of his cruelty and abuse. Although he did not rule the home, due to his young age, his authority as seen by Jane was unquestioned. Jane next lived at Lowood. This institution was anything but a true family unit. However, Jane sought out people to care for and who would care for her in return. Helen Burns and Miss Temple became very close to Jane. In ways like the mother of the typical family served as a moral guide and a nurturer, so too did Helen Burns, and to a certain extent Miss Temple.

Explaining First Language Acquisition Essay

An essay explaining First Language Acquisition What is the most realistic theory that explains human being’s acquisition of their First Language? Considering the varying theories and perspective on how 1st language is learned, it is evident that no single theory can fully account for the complexity of the issue: How 1st language is learned. Based on the previous discussions and scholarly readings we had however, I am beginning to develop a conviction that Innatist theory holds the most realistic and consistent explanation among theories presented on how human beings acquire their â€Å"mother tongue†. The Innatist view also known as the Nativist pioneered by Noam Chomsky laid out an explanation that every child possesses innate knowledge of language structure (universals) to detect and reproduce his or her 1st language. (Lightbown & Spada, 2006, p. 16). According to Chomsky, we all possess Language Acquisition Device that has predestined people to use spoken language, and makes us the only beings that can use spoken language. I think this is generally true. No one can argue that human beings are the only species on earth that uses spoken language. Many researches in the past tried to incorporate and teach animals to use any kind and forms of human language but all attempts have failed. I also have observed that the rest of the perspectives (theories) offered in the module namely; connectivist, constructivist, developmentalist and cognitivist are just â€Å"rehash† or mixtures and modified versions of behaviorist and innatist view. Thus, the only two outstanding theories and have original ideas that main served as pillars in First Language acquisition are namely behaviorism and innatism. Although these two opposing theories offers great insights in learning L1, innatist’s perspective is much more comprehensive and consistent than that of the behaviorist. First, behaviorism is mechanical since neither conscious awareness nor intent is assumed to be operational in the learner. In contrast, innatism is realistic rather than mechanical since it does consider a child as an inert recipient. Furthermore, the behaviorist doesn’t include or advocate the critical period of learning, while innatism takes into account some of critical period hypotheses. Universal grammar is also true in most cases. People who didn’t undergo formal instructions or any forms of schooling still learn the complexity of their native language. Finally, I think Chomsky’s ideas explained the facts in a way that no other theories can. Acquiring language is not a normal mental problem. Everyone sees small children pick up language effortlessly. Few, however, notices what an amazing phenomenon this is. Rarely any one would expect a four-year-old to master calculus. Yet most people would not in be surprised when a four-year-old learns grammar, which is a difficult task. Children learn the rules of their native grammar by hearing a limited set of sample sentences. In addition, the limited information they receive is mathematically insufficient for them to determine grammatical principles, yet somehow they are still able to do so. Reference: Lightbown, P. M. , & Spada N. (2006). How Language are Learned: Oxford Handbooks for Language Teachers. (3rd ed. ) Oxford University Press

african women and music essays

african women and music essays The purpose of this report was for me to research and explore the connection between African American women and music. Since prior to the slave decades, music has been an integral part of African American society, and served as a form of social, economic, and emotional support in African American communities in the past and present. This paper will cover three different types of secular music that emerged during the slave days, through the civil war, reconstruction, and depression periods. They are blues, jazz, and gospel music. Each of these forms of music are still in existence today. In addition to exploring the history of each of these genres of music, this report will identify three African American female music legends, Bessie Smith, Emma Barrett, and Mahalia Jackson. Blues emerged in the period between the end of the civil war, and the beginning of the 20th century. Originating in the fields of the rural south, it became popular after the emancipation of the slaves. In this form of music, the singer and composer is one in the same, a characteristic not evident in the spiritual songs of the slave communities. Spirituals were somewhat of a passage way for blues. Blues followed blacks to urban societies as spirituals followed the slaves onto the plantations. The differences between these types of music were that spirituals were collective, whereas an individual sang blues. Blues attributed to the evolution of black society toward individualism after the collective society of slavery. Blues became know as the music of the black working class. It was a way for African Americans to express the modern problems of economics, social errors, and poverty and power struggles they faced after they became free. African Americans were still living in unjust s ocieties, where jobs were hard to find. They began to migrate north, but the case remained the same. They used music for economic gain in nightclubs, corner halls, publishing, and rec...

Free Essays on Characterazation Of Jim

A role model is someone whom you greatly look up to; someone you model your life after. Anymore, it’s not too common to admire someone like Jim in the adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Yet, Huck looked to Jim as a father figure, and the only one to show him loyalty, faith, compassion, strength, wisdom, guidance, and above all else, love. Before their trip down the Mississippi, Huck’s only authoritative figure was Tom Sawyer. His father, Pap Finn, showed no sense of caring except to his next bottle of whiskey, and all other adults who tried to teach Huck were trying to educate in ways that couldn’t be done. Jim, on the other hand, takes the time to befriend Huck and help him make his own decisions, despite what society would say. After all, society looked down on slaves at that time. What would they think of a slave as a leader or a father figure? Jim teaches Huck many things as they travel South on the River. First at Jackson Island, Jim notices the nervous actions of the birds and predicts it will rain. When a violent storm moves upon the island, Huck realizes that he has experience and indeed knows what he is talking about. Jim also shows Huck his great sense of caring. When they were separated in the fog, he tells Huck that his â€Å"heart wuz mos’ broke bekase you wuz los’, en I didn’ k’yer no mo’ what bcome er me en de raf.† Also, his kindness is shown when Tom injures his leg towards the end of the story, and Jim refuses to leave him alone. Jim is seen as a heroic figure in Huckleberry Finn for his loyalty, care, and devotion to Tom and Huck. He also shines a light on the battle of slavery in the civil war era. All men are created equal and slaves are people, too. They have feelings for others, and deserve kindness just like everyone else.... Free Essays on Characterazation Of Jim Free Essays on Characterazation Of Jim A role model is someone whom you greatly look up to; someone you model your life after. Anymore, it’s not too common to admire someone like Jim in the adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Yet, Huck looked to Jim as a father figure, and the only one to show him loyalty, faith, compassion, strength, wisdom, guidance, and above all else, love. Before their trip down the Mississippi, Huck’s only authoritative figure was Tom Sawyer. His father, Pap Finn, showed no sense of caring except to his next bottle of whiskey, and all other adults who tried to teach Huck were trying to educate in ways that couldn’t be done. Jim, on the other hand, takes the time to befriend Huck and help him make his own decisions, despite what society would say. After all, society looked down on slaves at that time. What would they think of a slave as a leader or a father figure? Jim teaches Huck many things as they travel South on the River. First at Jackson Island, Jim notices the nervous actions of the birds and predicts it will rain. When a violent storm moves upon the island, Huck realizes that he has experience and indeed knows what he is talking about. Jim also shows Huck his great sense of caring. When they were separated in the fog, he tells Huck that his â€Å"heart wuz mos’ broke bekase you wuz los’, en I didn’ k’yer no mo’ what bcome er me en de raf.† Also, his kindness is shown when Tom injures his leg towards the end of the story, and Jim refuses to leave him alone. Jim is seen as a heroic figure in Huckleberry Finn for his loyalty, care, and devotion to Tom and Huck. He also shines a light on the battle of slavery in the civil war era. All men are created equal and slaves are people, too. They have feelings for others, and deserve kindness just like everyone else....

Accounting principles utilized in UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Accounting principles utilized in UAE - Essay Example Accounting without doubt plays a critical role in the modern world.Accounting rules are prevalent and vary from region to region.In the modern commerce work, financial reporting has become the focal point has growth in commerce continues to skyrocket internationally One cannot ignore the fact that numerous factors such as social, economic and legal differences account for different standards that are vary across nations. However, there is a strong push towards a uniformed system of accounting methods in order to facilitate transactions and comparability of financial statement. A uniform system of accounting strives to harmonize and enhance comparability of accounting principles (Lin, Z.J. and Liyan, W). International Accounting Standards is a set of accounting methods that contains numerous governing sectors. The main body is known as IASB, which puts down the guidelines for the regulations that are enforced through the IAS. While the United States operates under the GAAP, UAE choose s to follow a different path relating to accounting methods (Epstein, B.J. and Mirza). GAAP is comprised of set of rules that accountants create and vary from nation to nation (Epstein, B.J. and Mirza). On the other hand, The Central Bank of UAE chooses to follow the International Accounting standards or (IAS) to accommodate its needs for finances. The economic model of UAE greatly differs from the US system; therefore, it is essential that UAE utilize a system that accommodates their need in commerce, trade, and revenue. The IAS is not only used in UAE but is also widespread in other Middle Eastern countries. In fact, the Arab Society of Certified Accountants, which is composed of 22 nations, signed a petition which made IAS as the uniform method of standard for all the member countries. This point could be further elaborated as the head chairman of the counsel stated â€Å"We are confident, that IASC standards will enhance the economic strength of a region that has significant co mmercial and industrial sectors† (Sale 29). Surprisingly enough, the popularity of IAS extends far beyond Arab countries as even Australia has begun to implement the IAS regulations. Canada, is also considering adopting the IAS standards along with former Soviet Union countries such as Moldova and Kazakhstan. In essence, the influence of IAS is reaching nationwide as London, Frankfurt, Zurich, Luxembourg, Thailand, Hong Kong, Amsterdam, Rome, and Malaysia are all considering implementing the IAS standards in their everyday accounting. Without a doubt, the IAS seems to be a better fit for UAE for several reasons. One of the key elements that UAE should continue to practice IAS standards is due to fact that IAS is a uniform standard that strives to harmonize accounting methods. Clearly, UAE is becoming a â€Å"Makkah† for commerce and investors should be able to compare financial statements without the hassle of acknowledging which standards each nation is using (Kit 33). As corporations benefit from this uniform method of not having to create different financial statements for different standards, they can divert their attention to more important aspects such as reducing costs and being innovative in their business. As mentioned above, many other nations are following the IAS standards; so why choose a different type of method when other nations are implementing the same standards? The main goal of the IAS is to formulate a standard that is globalized and to propagate their acceptance throughout the globe. Furthermore, the IAS is more diverse and better organized than any other international organizations. The IAS continues to enforce strict regulation as it sets statutory guidelines on framework for preparation and presentation. Moreover, the IASC has guidelines for issues that dominate the commerce world such as inventory, depreciations, earning per share, reporting loss and revenue, interest expense, consolidation, intangible assets, and other f inancial instruments. Undeniably,

DreamWorks Animation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

DreamWorks Animation - Research Paper Example The opening of the thesis report consists of the background information about the DreamWorks Animation Company. DreamWorks Animation is a studio located in Glendale in California and founded in the year 1994. The company specializes in the development and creation of televisions programs, animated feature films and virtual worlds online. The company has successfully released more than 20 feature films which also includes the online series of Madagascar, How to Train Your Dragon, Shrek and Kung Fu Panda. The studio of the organization was created out of the merger between Pacific Data Images and the division of feature animation called DreamWorks in 1997. The company was originally founded under DreamWorks’s banner by the alumni of Amblin Entertainment it went out to generate a separate public company existence in the year 2004. The live action studio of DreamWorks had been acquired by Paramount Pictures in 2006 which has the responsibility of distributing the films created and produced by DreamWorks. Presently, DreamWorks Animation accounts for the highest grossing brands of its time, whose films account for a worth of more than $3750 million. The company employs approximately 2100 numbers of employees as on 31st of December, 2010 and majority of them are covered under the employment agreements. Majority of these employees are appointed for working as modelers, animators, visual development artists, story artists, lighters, technical directors and the like. Apart from these employees are also employed to perform administrative and corporate functions and take part in supporting and developmental activities (Edgar Online, 2010, p.12). The success factors of the company’s films are predominantly dependant on the extent of acceptance from audience of the films. However, there are great difficulties in predicting such acceptance and thus the business remain risky. It is not possible to predict success of the company’s motion picture as it does not directly relate with the company’s distribution, rather it depends on the extent to which the motion pictures are accepted and appreciated by the public, and this cannot be predicted accurately. The success factor also depends on the availability of alternative motion pictures at the time of release of the films and their success, other leisure time activities and even other common economic factors (Edgar Online, 2010, p.14). Some of the world’s most successful animation companies are located in Japan, USA, Europe and Korea, of which USA accounts for being the leader in the industry. The Asian countries too have been promoting their creative industries rapidly and have also made successful strives and achievement in the domain (Press Release Distribution, 2009). USA accounts for one of the earliest adopters of this sector. Considering the 3D production technology and the advantages in the size of industry America so far holds the leading position in the worldwide a nimation industry. Considering the advantages of ACG industry, i.e., animation, cartoons and games scenario, industry chain architecture, two dimensional designs and character design, the Japan holds the second largest position in the global animation industry. Apart from that considering manifestations and uniqueness of cultural field's, other regional and countries' animation industries provided by the animation industries of Europe and South Korea are expected to attain new growth points through outsourcing as well as other forms of strength accumulation (CCID Consulting, 2010). Some of the leading and prominent competitors of the company are Aardman Animations Ltd. in the United Kingdom, Animal Logic, Anschutz Film Group LLC in New South Wales and California respectively (Hoovers, 2012). Relevance of theories in practice The working of DreamWorks Animation can be explained using the metaphor of a mechanized machined as explained by Morgan (1998). It is important to explain the m etaphor first before

Business career of Sam Walton Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business career of Sam Walton - Research Paper Example In the same year, Walton paid $25,000 to the owners of the Ben Franklin stores for the rights to franchise the store. According to Tedlow (2001) Walton was inexperienced at running a business and he did not know what to do with a variety store. In fact, the only experience Walton had was from working retail at J.C. Penny’s (Brooks, 2012). Walton had paid too much for the store and was also paying too much for rent. Both of these issues could have meant failure for Walton but he did not fail. The first step for him was to go to a two week training program that was provided for franchise owners. Next, he studied his competition that happened to be across the street from him, and he read retail publications (Tedlow, 2001). He soon learned how to run the business, learned all the rules, and then found ways to break the rules that did not make sense to him. Walton was inspired by what he learned in retail and wanted something bigger. He also wanted to provide more value for his customers. He decided it was time to open a larger store, which became the first Walmart (Walton, 2012). Walton had backers until he decided to cut prices, and his backers felt this was not a good idea. He started Walmart with his own funds (Brooks, 2012). One of the reasons that Walton was successful was because in the early days, he cared about his employees and his customers. He realized that if he had lower prices than his competitors, he would have satisfied customers. He also realized if he treated his employees well and taught them how to take care of the customers, he would have successful employees and customers (Walton, 2012). By 1967, Walton owned 24 stores and was making $12.7 million in sales (Duke, 2012). In 1969, Walton incorporated Walmart and by 1970 they went public (Duke, 2012). Walton attributed the success of Walmart to his employees who were the ones who worked directly with the customers (Walton, 2012). In 1971, Walton opened his

The Project DB Essay Example for Free

The Project DB Essay Project Planning entails a lot of complexities most especially when the project at hand is quite complicated and limited in nature particularly in time constraints. Nevertheless, there are specific tools designed to facilitate manageable and easy project planning possible. Such tools may be classified according to the nature of the project handled. For small to medium sized projects, tools such as Gantt Charts, Critical Path Analysis, Program Evaluation Technique (PERT), and Planning Cycle may be used. While planning large projects may employ the use of the tools such as Planning Management Methodologies, Stakeholder Analysis, and Stakeholder Management.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Among these, the commonly used are the Gantt Charts, Critical Path Analysis, and PERT. All these three requires Work Breakdown Structure. Gantt chart (designed by Henry Gantt) is very useful in the sense that it is much easier to construct and understand. The activity in relationship to time is immediately obvious unlike the other tools. Its value is easily recognized as it is less complex to look at. While Critical Path Analysis or CPM and PERT are both powerful tools, the first one identifies which tasks should be done on time to complete the project on time, at the same time, identifies which tasks can afford to have delay yet still completing the project on time. Thus, CPM identifies the shortest possible time to complete the project, the resources needed, and the most efficient way of shortening the time. PERT is a slight modification on CPM. It makes use of quite skeptical view of time for each project stage. The optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely time is indeed helpful to prevent biases from unrealistically short time-scales assumptions. Hence, in my own point of view, I personally prefer to use CPM since it has a lot of advantages over the others considering that it can present the early and late completion of the project with respect to the time allotted to complete the project.    Works Cited Page    Project Planning Management Tools. 15 July 2008. Mind Tools Affiliate Program. 03 Aug. 2008. http://www.mindtools.com/critpath.html

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson :: Papers Shirley Jackson Lottery Essays

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" portrays a small town in which the citizens gather for a yearly lottery. Unlike the "typical" lottery, this is not one you would want to win. Throughout "The Lottery," Jackson focuses on families from the village in order to demonstrate the role of separation of genders. Gender is defined as the sexual identity of a person, especially in relation to society or culture. Gender divisions exist within the community in "The Lottery" and issues of gender help to explain the characters action and thoughts. During the lottery, everyone is equal and the society is genderless. Although the men draw as the head of the household, the women partake in the final rounds and the stoning of the victim. This is evident when "Mrs. Delacroix selected a stone so large she had to pick it up with both hands"(200). This shows that even though women did not normally participate in town events, the lottery was an exception to the rule. Young girls were also equal to young boys during this event. Both the girls and the boys stoned the victim along with the rest of the community, regardless of gender. This suggests that the lottery serves as a great equalizer abolishing all forms of separation of gender. Despite this equality during the lottery, gender does drive this story. Division of labor is evidence that a separation of gender exists. Due to the fact that Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves are men in the village, they are given the opportunity to administer the lotter. By having this chance, they gain the ability to prove to the people in the community that men are the holders of the highest positions. In his making of the list, Mr. Summers imposes his power upon the community, by determining who will draw from the box first. Gender plays a role in the purpose of the lottery. The lottery is set up to show women that by producing more children, they will lessen their chances of being chosen. This is due to the fact that in larger families, the chance of one person being chosen is reduced significantly with each additional member of teh family. The opposite is true for small families. Because women are the producers of children, they are the main target of the lottery. They are encouraged to produce more children, thereby taking upon even more responsibilities as a housewife.

What Is the Relevance of Organisational Behaviour to Practising Managers?

Organisational behaviour can be defined as study of the interaction among individuals, groups and the organisation. Then this knowledge is focused towards the efficient and effectiveness of the organisation. With that said, organisational behaviour is relevance to practising managers in giving them a greater understanding of the process and interacting of individuals, groups and the organisation on a whole and how each one relates to the other.Hence, managers need to show forth some of their skills (PLOC; Planning, Leading, Organising; Controlling) required in order to understand how the various individual within the organisation interact with each other, how they perform with the task given and how efficient and effective they are, as it relates to completing the given task. Next, we look at the group interaction. In this case, the manager is able to match the individual’s abilities according to their strengths and weaknesses, to gain the best result for the project the group would be undertaking.Thus by understanding the individual, it leads to better working groups and a reduction in conflicts that would arise. An example of, placing individuals with conflict into different groups or ensuring that they understand that, they personally feelings for each other shoe not effort they work or they attitude towards the project. Last we look at the organisation. Managers would find that when they is smooth running or co-ordination, between individual’s and their work and the interaction of individual with their work it is the basis for a smooth running organisation.However, everything would not be perfect since there are always upside and downside to everything. So in conclusion, organisational behaviour is relevant to managers within an organisation. Since when all the aspects of the organisation are function properly, it can be attributed to the various attitudes (behaviours) of the individuals that form the workforce (heartbeat) of the organisation. In the end, a greater understanding, and respect for the individual is need (eg: motivation, respect for religious believes, etc) in order for the organisation to operate at it highest potential.

Public Opinion Policy Reproductive Health Health And Social Care Essay

Public sentiment is the sum of single temperaments and beliefs with respects to of import issues. Public sentiment holds great importance in democracies because a democracy, by its very definition, connotes a signifier of authorities that is antiphonal to the people. Democracy is most frequently defined as a set of processs and establishments intended to do the holders of political power straight responsible to the electorates. The quality of democratic authorities is measured by the reactivity of public policymakers to the penchants of the mass populace. For that ground, public sentiment will ever play an of import function in policy-making procedure in the Philippines, a democratic state. Positions and sentiments of the general populace should be taken into consideration in formulating, passing and implementing a policy. Hence, stakeholders and involvements groups ‘ functions are really critical in impacting policy results since stakeholders and involvement groups are the age ncies through which public sentiment is brought in the Halls of the Congress. In position of this, the authorities is faced with the demand to equilibrate the conflicting positions of different stakeholders, involvement and force per unit area groups in the decision-making procedure. This is clearly exemplified in the controversial Reproductive Health measure. This paper surveies the different stakeholders involved in the Reproductive Health Bill and the grade in which they affect policy result based on the resources and resource mobilisation capacities they have. The first portion of this paper includes definition and the presentation of wellness and population state of affairs in the Philippines. The 2nd portion focuses with the commissariats, arguments and advocate of RH measure. The 3rd portion provides an analysis of the different stakeholders and resources and resource mobilisation capacity that they have. Last, the scrutiny of how these stakeholders and involvement groups can really impact policy result and the grade on which they affect it. The contention of RH measure led to many deductions. Generative wellness is now a proverb that enthralled the public attending. Therefore, there is a demand to specify the term based on a standard definition. â€Å" Generative wellness addresses the generative procedures, maps and system at all phases of life. Generative wellness implies that people are able to hold a responsible, hearty and safe sex life and that they have the capableness to reproduce and the freedom to make up one's mind if, when and how frequently to make so † ( World Health Organization ) . Although this appears to be the lone definition of the term in any international papers, the definition implicitly implies that generative wellness includes the right of work forces and adult females to be informed of and to hold entree to safe, effectual, low-cost and acceptable methods of birthrate ordinance of their pick, and the right of entree to allow wellness attention services that will enable adult females to travel safely through gestation and childbearing and supply twosomes with the best opportunity of holding a healthy baby ( International Conference on Population and Development, 1994 ) . Of the eight Millennium Development Goals, accomplishing cosmopolitan entree to reproductive wellness by 2015 is one of the two marks of Goal 5, Bettering Maternal Health. Due to this, a comprehensive survey of the generative wellness in the Philippines is greatly needed and in bend, to develop and really implement a policy that will give Filipinos equal opportunities to the right to reproductive wellness and develop plans that will seek to turn to jobs related to generative wellness in the state. Over the past 30 old ages, developing states ‘ population have rise up about twice the rate of those in the developed and advanced states. As an consequence, a figure of people have caught up with high baby mortality, low life anticipation, disease, malnutrition and illiteracy. Rapid population growing causes troubles in pull offing economic and societal alterations, including the reconciliation of the fruits of economic development attempts ( Leverage International, 2011 ) . Governments of the Third World states and every bit good as of those developed states recognized that the measuring of economic development is non based merely on economic indexs such as income distribution but besides by the quality of life of its people ( Leverage International, 2011 ) . Philippines, as a underdeveloped state, experiences rapid population growing. Harmonizing to the 2007 Census by the National Statistics Office ( NSO ) , the Filipino population was 88.57 million and the estimated population as of 2010 is 94.3 million and this made the state as the 12th most thickly settled state in the universe. This high population consequences to high infant mortality rate which is 19.94 % in 2010. In add-on to this, the life-time hazard of maternal decease in the Philippines is 1 in every 140, harmonizing to United Nations International Children Emergency Fund ‘s State of the World ‘s Children 2009 study. Each twenty-four hours, approximately 11 Filipino female parents – or 4,500 each twelvemonth – dice because of hypertensive upsets, terrible bleeding or other labor- or abortion-related jobs. The state is besides portion of a group of 68 states where 97 % of world-wide maternal, neonatal and child wellness deceases occur. Furthermore, the county is witnessing the fastest spread of the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) in its history. Five new HIV instances are recorded mundane harmonizing to the National Epidemiology Center of the Department of Health. High infant mortality rate, high maternal mortality rate and a figure of HIV instances are non the lone jobs that the Philippines is sing in relation to reproductive wellness. Because of the deficiency of a concrete generative wellness and household planning policy and plan in the state, unwanted gestation incidences become high. Due to this, Filipino adult females are forced to undergo induced abortion as one of the methods that they use to run into their generative ends. Although abortion is illegal in the Philippines, and despite the possible harmful effects of an insecure abortion for adult females ‘s wellness and life, many adult females resort to abortion to run into their family-size ends or to infinite births ( The Guttmacher Institute, 2003 ) . The Incidence of Induced Abortion in the Philippines: Current Degree and Recent TrendsA ( 2005 ) , a survey conducted by Fatima Juarez, Josefina Cabigon, Susheela Singh, and Rubina Hussain for the Guttmacher Institute revealed the followers: Six in 10 Filipino adult females say they have experienced an unintended gestation at some point in their lives. About 1.43 million gestations each twelvemonth — about half of all gestations in the Philippines — are unintended. Some 54 % of adult females who have ended an unintended gestation by abortion were non utilizing any household planning method when they conceived. Of those who were practising contraceptive method, three-quarterss were utilizing a traditional method. The mean Filipino adult female wants 2.5 kids. In order to accomplish that end, she must pass more than 19 old ages utilizing effectual prophylactic methods. However, about half of all married adult females of generative age have an unmet demand for effectual contraceptive method — that is, they are sexually active, are able to hold kids, do non desire a kid shortly or of all time, but are non utilizing any signifier of contraceptive method or are utilizing traditional methods, which have high failure rates. Aside from induced abortion that can take to deceases, other job due to the deficiency of generative wellness policy is the hazard of geting cervical malignant neoplastic disease. The Human Papillomavirus ( HPV ) is a sexually-transmitted, wart-forming virus that has been implicated in doing malignant neoplastic disease of the neck. This is the most common malignant neoplastic disease in adult females secondary to breast malignant neoplastic disease ( Department of Health, 2008 ) . Due to these findings and other statistics such as high baby and mortality rates, these imply that there is an huge demand for a policy to guarantee the right to reproductive wellness in the Philippines. Although generative wellness has long been considered a basic cosmopolitan human right, this right remains elusive and illusory for 1000000s of Filipinos, particularly the hapless. The first comprehensive version of generative wellness measure, House Bill 8110 or â€Å" The Integrated Population and Development Act of 1999 † was filed in the 11th Congress. Twelve old ages after, the state still does non hold a generative wellness policy and the issue of the current generative wellness measures remains a het and controversial issue as the first RH measure. Today, the battle of RH advocators still continues for the transition of a comprehensive generative wellness measure. House Bill 4244 or â€Å" The Responsible Parenthood, Reproductive Health and Population and Development Act of 2011 † is the most recent version of a generative wellness measure that was filed in the fifteenth Congress. H.B. 4244 is popularly known as the amalgamate RH measure in permutation to the other generative wellness measures that are pending in the Congress. The other generative wellness measures are as follows: House Bill 96 ( Rep. Edcel Lagman ) â€Å" An Act Providing for a National Policy on Reproductive Health, Responsible Parenthood and Population Development and for Other Purposes † House Bill 101 ( Rep. Janette Garin ) â€Å" An Act Providing for a National Policy on Reproductive Health and Population Development and for Other Purposes † House Bill 513 ( Reps. Kaka Bag-ao and Warden Bello of Akbayan Partylist ) â€Å" An Act Providing for a National Policy on Reproductive Health and Population and Development and for Other Purposes † House Bill 1160 ( Rep. Rodolfo Biazon ) â€Å" An Act Providing for a National Policy on Reproductive Health and for Other Purposes † House Bill 1520 ( Rep. Judy Syjuco ) â€Å" An Act to Protect the Right of the People to Information on Reproductive Health Care † House Bill 3368 ( Rep. Luzviminda Ilagan and Emmi de Jesus of Gabriela Women ‘s Party ) â€Å" An Act Providing for a National Policy on Reproductive Health for Women and Development and for Other Purposes † H.B 4244 ‘s aims are as follows: To continue and advance regard for life, informed pick, birth spacing and responsible parentage in conformance with internationally recognized human rights criterions. To vouch cosmopolitan entree to medically-safe, legal and choice generative wellness attention services and relevant information even as it prioritizes the demands of adult females and kids. To recognize these ends, the amalgamate RH Bill has the undermentioned cardinal commissariats: Mandates the Department of Health ( DOH ) and Local Health Units in metropoliss and municipalities shall function as the lead bureaus for the execution of this act. Mandates the Population Commission, to be an affiliated bureau of the Department of Health, shall function as a organizing organic structure in the execution of this Act. Provides for the creative activity of an enabling environment for adult females and twosomes to do an informed pick sing the household planning method that is best suited to their demands and personal strong beliefs. The LGUs and the DOH shall guarantee that a Minimum Initial Service Package ( MISP ) for generative wellness, including maternal and neonatal wellness attention kits and services will be given proper attending in crisis state of affairss such as catastrophes and human-centered crises. Provides for a maternal decease reappraisal in LGUs, national and local authorities infirmaries and other public wellness units to diminish the incidence of maternal deceases. Merchandises and supplies for modern household planning methods shall be portion of the National Drug Formulary and the same shall be included in the regular purchase of indispensable medical specialties and supplies of all national and local infirmaries and other authorities wellness units. Ensures the handiness of hospital-based household be aftering methods such as tubal ligation, vasectomy and intrauterine device interpolation in all national and local authorities infirmaries, except in forte infirmaries. Provides for a Mobile Health Care Service in every Congressional District to present wellness attention goods and services. Provides Mandatory Age-appropriate Reproductive Health Education get downing from Grade 5 to Fourth Year High School to develop the young person into responsible grownups. The Department of Labor and Employment ( DOLE ) shall guarantee that employees respect the generative wellness rights of workers. Mandates private and nongovernment generative wellness attention service suppliers to supply at least 48 ( 48 ) hours yearly of generative wellness services free of charge to indigent and low income patients, particularly to pregnant striplings. Mandates metropoliss and municipalities to supply sexual and generative wellness plans for individuals with disablements ( PWDs ) . Mandates the inclusion of the subjects on responsible parentage, household planning, suckling and infant nutrition as indispensable portion of the information given by local Family Planning office to all appliers for matrimony licence. Mandates no less than 10 % addition in the honoraria of community-based voluntary workers, such as the barangay wellness workers, upon successful completion of preparation on the bringing of generative wellness attention services. Creation of Congressional Oversight Committee ( COC ) which shall be composed of five ( 5 ) members each from the Senate and from the House of Representatives which shall supervise and guarantee the effectual execution of this Act, find the built-in failing and loopholes in the jurisprudence, recommend the necessary remedial statute law or administrative steps and execute such other responsibilities and maps as may be necessary to achieve the aims of this Act. Penalizes the lawbreaker of this Act from one month to six months imprisonment or a all right ranging from 10 thousand to fifty thousand pesos or both such mulct and imprisonment at the discretion of the Court. H.B 4244 screens all other six pending RH measures in the Congress but despite the clear intent of the measure, the passage of RH measure is long delinquent. On the other manus, RH measure advocates see the transition of the amalgamate RH measure in the 15th Congress since it was already approved by the House Committee on Population and Family Relations last February 1 and it was besides approved by the Committee on Appropriations with a ballot of 20-3. Last March 8 which is by the way the International Women ‘s Day, RH measure reached the plenary. Biliran Representative Rogelio Espina, president of the Committee on Population and Family Relations, delivered his sponsorship address on Committee Report 664. Three of the six patrons of the measure besides delivered addresss pressing for its transition – Minority Leader and Albay Representative Edcel Lagman, Gabriela partylist Representative Luz Ilagan and Akbayan partylist Representative Arlene â€Å" Kaka † Bag-ao. Meanwhile, President Benigno Aquino III ordered Health Secreaty Enrique Ona to outline the Responsible Parenthood Bill that would possibly function as a â€Å" in-between land † between RH advocators and the Church. Furthermore, the President did besides non include RH measure as portion of his list of policy precedences after the Church issued a pastoral missive entitled Choosing Life, Rejecting RH Bill. Though Rep. Lagman believes that the Malacanang-sponsored version of the RH measure would non be able take the topographic point of a more comprehensive RH measure since it is limited to the issue of household planning and responsible parentage. Furthermore, Health Secretary Ona is a known advocator of generative wellness and household planning. His public dictums have confirmed that he, like his predecessor Sec. Espie Cabral, is unwavering in his belief that RH is a basic human right. Because of this, Cong. Lagman believes that the crafting of the Responsible Parenthood meas ure would and should non detain the transition of the amalgamate RH measure. Cong. Edcel Lagman of the First District of Albay is the chief writer of the amalgamate RH measure. Harmonizing to him, the incidences of baby and maternal mortality in his ain territory are within the scope of the national norm. As a solution, they have set up lying-in clinics and delivering centres in the highland and island barangays of the first territory of Albay so as to guarantee that female parents in far flung barangays can be given exigency and basic obstetric attention. However, the job of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity goes beyond the First District of Albay. The preventable deceases of female parents and kids happen on a national graduated table so the demand to explicate a national policy on generative wellness is imperative. Although he is a Catholic he believes that like many other Catholics in the state, they can be good Catholics and still back up a step like RH measure that puts a premium on quality of life and the protection and fulfillment of the basic human rights to reproductive wellness and sustainable human development. He besides noted that the word â€Å" Catholic † when used as an adjectival means across-the-board, advanced and broad. The opposite word of Catholic is conservative, shockable and intolerant. That is why it is really dry that the Catholic Church peculiarly the Catholic Bishops ‘ Conference of the Philippines ( CBCP ) strongly opposes RH measure. Rep. Lagman is besides the newly-elect chair of one of the governing party in the state, the Lakas Kampi Catholic Muslim Democrats ( CMD ) . However, because of the nature of the party system in the Philippines, this place in his party would non vouch the transition of RH measure. Harmonizing to him, his co-workers are free to back up or oppose an issue as they see fit. Members of his party are non required to vote for or back up RH measure. It is interesting to observe that the former President and the incumbent representative of the 2nd territory of Pampanga, Rep. Gloria Arroyo, who is a member of the Lakas Kampi CMD is known to be a critic of RH measure. In line with this, the conflicting positions on RH measure make non merely happen inside Congress. Central to the issue of RH measure is the political kineticss of the legion histrions involved in impacting the transition of the said measure. The different stakeholders and involvement groups play of import functions in the deliberation of the policy. This put the challenge to the legislators to equilibrate and to be able to accommodate the conflicting positions of these stakeholders and involvement groups. But how did citizens get down to take part in the decision-making procedure? Due to influx of information, there came a higher degree of consciousness among citizens. Peoples ‘s desire to take part in decision-making procedure amplified. People demand more of representation and engagement in the authorities. In less complex times, elected representation was a sufficient agency for most citizens to take part in authorities. Recently, for a figure of grounds, including the diverseness of citizens ‘ cultural heritage, needs, values, and involvements, that has been altering and of class, the alterations brought approximately by modernisation, there is now a strong desire for citizens to be involved loosely in administration and straight in policy determinations. Governments, particularly in developing states, are really vulnerable and they are being assessed based on their economic and political public presentation. And one of the bases of a authorities ‘s political public presentation is its capacity to supply locales for people ‘s engagement and engagement. Hence, positions and sentiments of the general populace should be taken into consideration in formulating, passing and implementing a policy. For this ground, one of the biggest challenges which authorities faces is the demand to equilibrate the conflicting positions of different involvement groups in a peculiar policy. This job is really much observed in the issue of coming up with a generative wellness policy in the Philippines. Conflicting positions and sentiments from legion histrions and stakeholders in the generative wellness measure have ever marred the transition of the said measure. Certain sectors and sections of the population will decidedly be affected upon the execution of the said policy and they besides have different positions sing the transition of RH measure. However, the stakeholders who have the resources to act upon or really find the success or failure of the generative wellness measure are the Roman Catholic Church, the adult females sector and pharmaceutical companies in the state. The tabular array below shows an analysis of the four primary stakeholders in the RH measure. Stake- holder Interest in the Undertaking ( Stake- holder ‘s Potential Impact on the Undertaking ) What does the undertaking expect the stakeholder to supply? Perceived Attitudes Stakeholder Strategy/Resources Government Political public presentation High – Provides financess to guarantee equal entree of people to preventives, generative wellness attention services, household planning information and the compulsory sex instruction – Populace Service – Rent-seeking functionaries Roman Catholic Church – Teachings and Principles of the Church ( Sacredness of Life ) – Credibility – Has a really high ethos – Conservative – Lobbying/putting force per unit area on the government/policymakers to turn down the transition of the RH measure – Consultation with the President ( national degree ) and with territory representatives through bishoprics ( local degree ) – Capacity to act upon public sentiment Womans Organizations/Groups Womans empowerment High – Cooperation with the authorities – Disempowered – Progressive – Corporate action/mobilization for the pressing transition of a generative wellness measure Pharmaceutical Companies Net incomes Low – Brand and supply modern preventives for the authorities Profit-oriented From the stakeholders listed supra, the Catholic Church and organized adult females groups are the primary histrions in the argument in following a generative wellness policy in the state because they are the most seeable in footings of their run for or against the said policy. The Catholic Church is the chief critic of the generative wellness measure because it argues that the policy is anti-life because it promotes the usage of modern contraceptive method steps. Besides, it argues that RH measure does non truly address poorness. In the research worker ‘s interview with Archbishop Oscar V. Cruz and Carmelo Cruz, Catholic Bishops ‘ Conference of the Philippines ‘ ( CBCP ) News Editor, they said that the Catholic Church ‘s judgement in the political public presentation of former President Ferdinand Marcos that significantly contribute for doing EDSA People Power I happened in 1986 is the same as their resistance to the six pending generative wellness measures in the Congress. Their resistance to the immoral government of Pres. Marcos is the same as their resistance to an immoral policy, the generative wellness measure. ( This was besides written in CBCP ‘s Pastoral Letter entitled Choosing Life, Rejecting RH measure issued last January 30, 2011. ) Furthermore, they believe that it is non the hapless Filipino people who will profit from the execution of the generative wellness measure but the foreign proprietors of multinational pharmaceutical companies who will provide modern preventives. They besides believe that if a generative wellness measure will be enacted into jurisprudence, it will paved the manner for the debut and transition of other policies such as policies on divorce, clemency violent death and same sex matrimony. The Catholic Church believes that the transition of a generative wellness measure will deteriorate the reliable homo values and every bit good as the Filipino cultural values in conformity to the instructions of the Church. Archbishop Oscar V. Cruz said that although generative wellness measure can decrease infant and maternal mortality, he argued that the ground behind baby and maternal mortality and morbidity is poverty and unaccessible to basic wellness attention services. Harmonizing to him, wellness attention services are unaccessible to hapless households because of bad administration and corruptness, services are non delivered to hapless communities because public functionary corrupt the money that is intended for communities ‘ public assistance. For these grounds, the solution to infant and maternal mortality in the state is non the generative wellness measure, the solution needs to concentrate to the root causes of the job which is bad administration and poorness. However, the Catholic hierarchy said that is non against the riddance of force against adult females, the intervention of chest malignant neoplastic disease, maternal and child wellness and nutrition and other elements of RH. It is merely against doing modern household planning methods available to adult females and twosomes and the instruction of gender and RH instruction to the young person. The Church believes that RH measure would go against the instructions of the Church specifically the 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae which is the footing of the Church instruction that preventives are â€Å" per se evil † . The Church has been firm in its base against RH measure. The Church is holding duologues to the current disposal to turn down RH measures that are pending in Congress. Furthermore, the Church through its archdioceses and bishoprics consults representatives from each territory for them to be convinced non to vote for RH measure. Besides, the CBCP issues statements to inform the public why RH measure should non be enacted into jurisprudence. And what is more of import is the impact of the Catholic Church in determining or act uponing public sentiment since bulk of Filipinos are Catholics. Some functionaries are threatened that their base sing the issue on RH measure might impact their political callings. Because of the strong resistance of the Catholic Church to follow a generative wellness policy in the state and the resources it has to impact the determinations of public functionaries, the transition of the measure becomes impossible despite the demand for a generative wellness policy in the state. Last January 30, CBCP issued a pastoral missive against RH measure. As an consequence, the President did non include RH measure from among the Legislative Executive Development Advisory Council ‘s policy measures that likely would unduly detain once more the transition of RH measure. If the Catholic Church strongly oppose RH measure, organized adult females ‘s groups tell the other side of the narrative. Women ‘s organisations such as Gabriela Women ‘s Party and Likhaan Center for Women ‘s Health Inc. stalwartly run for the transition of RH measure. These RH advocator groups believe that the rights of people to reproductive wellness â€Å" do non depend on a few powerful work forces make up one's minding the destiny of adult females † ( Likhaan, 2011 ) . In the explanatory note of House Bill 3368 introduced by Gabriela Women ‘s Party, it states that â€Å" Filipino adult females do non hold to decease at childbearing merely because they are hapless, they do non hold to endure from undiagnosed cervical, chest, vulvar, ovarian or similar malignant neoplastic diseases of the generative system merely because they do non hold entree to adequately staffed and fit public wellness installations†¦ Women do non hold to endure from untreated uterine fibroid or such similar conditions merely because diagnostic processs are dearly-won, adult females should non decease at childbearing because their babies need them for optimum attention, love and fondness if kids are to turn up to recognize their full potency as productive and responsible members of our society. † Due to these grounds, entree to reproductive wellness plans, resources and services for marginalized adult females needs to be guaranteed by the authorities. A national generative wellness policy is seen to offer wellness attention services that will fundamentally profit adult females, particularly the marginalized. Advancing generative wellness rights in a comprehensive, available, accessible, acceptable, and democratic mode is a long delinquent authorization of the Filipino authorities to its female population given the societal and economic worlds in the state. Hence, the blessing of legislators to go through RH measure is indispensable ( Likhaan, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to Junice Demeterio-Melgar, the executive manager of Likhaan and Secretary-General of Reproductive Health Advocacy Network ( RHAN ) , household planning will salvage the lives of female parents because household planning changes the composing of child-bearing. This means that gestations in adult females who are considered at a higher hazard of deceasing from gestation and childbirth-related causes will be dramatically reduced. These are adult females who are excessively immature, excessively old, hold had excessively many kids or have had ceaseless gestations. Medical experts have stated that gestation in adult females below 18 or above 35 is considered high hazard. They have besides emphasized that adult females ‘s organic structures need anyplace from two to three old ages to to the full retrieve from the asperities of gestation and childbearing. Furthermore, the World Health Organization concludes that if adult females have information and entree to preventives and are taught to utilize them decently, â€Å" the autumn in maternal mortality is likely to be even greater than the autumn in the gestation rate. † With their battle for the transition of RH measure, adult females ‘s groups tied up with other RH advocators to coerce legislators to go through RH measure. Generative Health Advocacy Network ( RHAN ) , which has forty-three ( 43 ) national organisations with no less than 10,000 members in grassroots communities countrywide, continues to hold duologues with the President and with their recent duologue, RHAN reminded the President about his Social Contract, which included a committedness to responsible parentage based on informed pick and support to hapless households. RHAN, specifically Likhaan, is disappointed with the President ‘s determination to fall back to a Responsible Parenthood Bill alternatively of a more comprehensive RH measure. Harmonizing to them, farther duologues of the President to CBCP will pin down his disposal into hold and inactivity, or force it to drop the freedom of pick rule in the President ‘s promise of responsible parentage since the Church will ever differ to any RH measure because its resistance to RH is based on the nucleus rule of human life, it is clear that immoveable spiritual beliefs are the bedrock of the bishops ‘ resistance to RH as pointed out by the recent CBCP ‘s pastoral missive. Further duologues or audiences will ne'er alter the stance of the Catholic Church. Aside from duologues, advocators continue to keep fora and arguments on the issues of RH and human development from schools and universities to service nines and community-based organisations. In add-on, they hold mobilisations and mass meetings in forepart of Congress to coerce legislators to ordain the said measure. Both stakeholders prove to be important and effectual in their run for or against RH measure. However, the Church as an established and one of the most powerful establishments in the state which affect public sentiment has an advantage in impacting the result of the said policy. However, RH advocates do non merely have the high quality of Numberss but they besides have the high quality of statements. Although the Church has the capacity to influence or even determine public sentiment, possibly the instance on the argument on RH measure is isolated. Recent study consequences show that bulk of Filipino and Filipino Catholics support RH measure. Although the RH critics say that people are merely misinformed about the content of the step, advocators say that the capacity of Filipinos to understand an issue like RH, responsible parentage and population and development should non be underestimated. Peoples support the RH measure because they realize how of import it is to go a responsible parent. Filipinos besides believe that is non merely of import for them to be able to be after and infinite their kids, it is every bit of import that the State provide information on and entree to all signifiers of household planning methods. The undermentioned informations are consequences of SWS and Pulse Asia studies: Social Weather Station ( October 2008 ) 71 % of Filipinos are in favour of the RH measure ; 76 % of Filipinos agree that there should be a jurisprudence necessitating authorities to learn household planning to the young person ; and 68 % believe that there should be a jurisprudence necessitating authorities to administer legal preventives like rubbers, pills and IUDs Pulse Asia ( February 2010 ) 93 % of Filipinos consider it of import to hold the ability to be after their households ; 82 % of Filipinos believe authorities should learn twosomes about all methods of household planning ; Another 82 % of Filipinos say that it is the authorities ‘s responsibility to supply the people with cognition, services, and stuffs on all methods of household planning ; 75 % of Filipinos consider it of import that a campaigner for election includes modern household planning in the plan of action he will prosecute ; 64 % of Filipinos will vote for campaigners who publically promote modern methods of household planning with merely 6 % stating that they will non vote for such campaigners. The remainder were undecided ; and A considerable bulk of Filipinos ( 63 % ) want the RH measure to be passed into jurisprudence with merely 8 % showing resistance to the step. Even Catholics have spoken: They want the RH measure passed. 68 % of Catholics believe that authorities should administer free preventives to those who want them ( SWS 2008 ) . 76 % of Catholics agree that there should be a jurisprudence necessitating authorities to learn household planning to the young person ( SWS 2008 ) . 71 % of Catholics favor the transition of the RH measure versus merely 68 % of non-Catholics who endorse the measure ( SWS 2008 ) . Religion ranks 9th out of 10 grounds why adult females do non utilize contraceptive method ( DOH Family Planning Survey 2006 ) . RH critics say that people are misinformed about the existent content of the step. However, Rep. Lagman said that if people are misinformed, it is because of the calculated misinformation run being launched by the critics of the measure. The most vocal critics of the measure handily want the issue to be limited to the alleged immoralities of modern contraceptive method. However, although the bulk of the Filipinos are non in line with the CBCP ‘s place on RH measure, the power of Church to influence and determine policy result has been proven in its battle to oppose RH measure. The Church ‘s sentiment on this affair is really decisive since it was able to detain the transition of RH measure until the present clip. However, it is of import to underline that the Church ‘s instructions against contraceptive method is non infallible philosophy. Immediately after the release in 1968 of the encyclical Humanae Vitae, which was based on a minority study of the Papal Birth Control Commission and contrary to the bulk place permissive of preventive usage, Monsignor Fernando Lambrouschini, the so official spokesman for the Vatican, announced: â€Å" attentive reading of the encyclical Humanae Vitae does non propose the theological note of infallibilityaˆÂ ¦ It is non infallible. † Catholics are allowed to oppose Church philosophy which is deemed non-infallible. Therefore, Catholics are allowed to oppose the Church ‘s instructions against contraceptive method. Furthermore, RH measure is non merely about contraceptive method, RH has 11 elements, including, among others, maternal and child wellness and nutrition, intervention of chest and generative piece of land malignant neoplastic diseases, breastfeeding, gender instruction, riddance of force against adult females, intervention and bar of HIV-AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. RH even includes the intervention and bar of sterility and sexual disfunction. In other words, the measure is non merely about household planning. It will besides assist turn to the demands of twosomes who are holding trouble conceiving. Similarly, RH is besides a tool for economic development. The execution of the Reproductive Health Bill could assist in controling the declining effects of rapid population growing. The RH Bill ‘s concrete commissariats on household planning methods would likely assist in commanding the high birthrate and growing rate in the state. Harmonizing to Bulatao ( 1998 ) , member of the United Nations Population Fund, household planning is one of the best methods of turn toing jobs such as exponential growing rate, high birthrate rate and decelerate economic growing rate in the state. Based from surveies, the diminution of entire birthrate rate in the underdeveloped universe over the past decennaries is in conformity with the increasing figure of prophylactic users ( UN, 1991 ) . With this, we could assume that implementing comprehensive household planning methods would perchance modulate the population of the state. Developing states, like the Philippines, could largely profit from ho usehold planning merely like in the instances of China, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam who practiced comprehensive household be aftering methods during the past decennaries. The said states have shown important economic dynamism after successfully pull offing their population growing ( Del Rosario & A ; Toda, 2009 ) . Birth Rate of Taiwan Year Registered Birth Ratess Per 1000 Womans Change in Rate 1962 174 -1.5 1963 170 -2.6 1964 162 -4.9 1965 152 -6 1966 149 -2.1The tabular array shows the diminishing birth rate in Taiwan. This lessening on birth rate happened after the execution of household planning methods. Similarly, a similar narrative happened in Thailand from 1960 ‘s to 1985. Within the new model developed by the Unites States Agency for International Development ‘s Office of Population, developing states are divided into five phases, harmonizing to their degree of modern prophylactic prevalence. States in each of these phases, termed â€Å" emergent † , â€Å" launch † , â€Å" growing † , â€Å" consolidation † and â€Å" mature † are characterized by â€Å" similar birthrate rates and common demands for household planning policies, plans and services † ( Asia-Pacific Population & A ; Policy Report, 1991 ) . Thailand moved out of the emergent phase in the early 1960s and reached the mature phase in 1985 after following a national population policy, developing a scheme of advancing household planning and spread outing preventive services. In 1994, after Thailand ‘s engagement in the International Conference on Population a nd Development ( ICPD ) , generative wellness policies in the said state were reviewed by its National Family Planning Committee. In 1997, Thailand ‘s Minister of Public Health set forth the National Reproductive Health Policy, which includes household planning and maternal and child wellness ( Department of Family and Community Health, World Health Organization, 2004 ) . The lessons from the household be aftering narratives of these two states put in the image the call for the acceptance of a concrete household planning policy in the state. Possibly, Philippines might besides hold the same consequences if the Reproductive Health Bill will be implemented. After all, household planning in its most elemental sense helps in the decrease of unplanned gestations and publicity of slower population growing. Truly, the state needs a generative wellness measure. The arguments on the RH measure are indispensable in guaranting that this policy will profit the whole public particularly the hapless and marginalized sector of the population. However, the endless arguments have besides caused the hold of a policy that the state should hold benefitted a decennary ago. Although these ceaseless arguments had caused the hold of the transition of RH measure, it besides highlighted two of import things: the function of stakeholders, involvement and force per unit area groups in the policy-making procedure and the Catholic Church as a stakeholder is a decisive factor in policy results. The transition of RH measure has been a battle for RH advocators since the primary critic of it is the Catholic Church. However, the recent negativist dictums of the Catholic hierarchy and its determination to non prosecute negotiations with the President sing the step and besides its determination non to take part in t he Senate hearings on the RH measure shows that the transition of RH measure is possible in the fifteenth Congress. However, RH critics in Congress besides contribute to the hold of the transition of RH measure. Harmonizing to Rep. Lagman, one of the chief hurdlings being faced by the writers of the measure is the perennial absenteeism and deficiency of warm organic structures in Plenary. In the arguments during the old Congress, those opposed to the measure would ever oppugn the quorum so as to detain treatments and protract the arguments until the clip that Congress is scheduled to recess. Nevertheless, the bulk of protagonists of RH measure from assorted sectors will besides be a factor for the transition of the said policy. Beyond uncertainty, RH measure would go on to be a controversial issue in the state as different stakeholders will go on to escalate their runs for or against the said measure. It will all boil down to the inquiry whether RH critics would go on to detain the transition of RH measure and would successfully turn down it or RH advocators ‘ battle for a generative wellness policy would be fruitful. The Church had proven to be effectual in their run to oppose the said step while adult females ‘s groups continue to run for the passage of RH measure. Nonetheless, whichever involvement group would win in their battle, it is of import to observe that these involvement groups have played of import functions since RH issue has gripped the public consciousness.